Have you ever thought about how and why something was designed? Who was considered a “stakeholder” for the design? And what biases are baked within the process of designing something? These are some ...

Lectures and readings focus on bridges, railroads, power plants, steamboats, telegraph, highways, automobiles, aircraft, computers, and the microchip. Historical analysis provides a basis for studying ...

As integrated circuit (IC) designs have grown in complexity, scale and speed requirements, design rule checking (DRC) has evolved from a routine step into a critical pillar of successful tapeouts.